2019年12月英語四級聽力答案解析：聽力篇章3

Passage 3

　　After tough workout or a day full of physical activity, it’s common to find your muscles aching, but where do these pains come from? According to a German professor, the soreness comes from straining your muscles in an uncommon way, for example, jumping on a bicycle for a ride, because you haven’t ridden in a long time. Soreness occurs since your leg muscles aren't used to that movement. When muscles perform an activity they aren’t regularly expose to, the tiny fibers that are inside them are being torn apart. As muscle soreness develops, the body has to work to repair the muscle tears, but this doesn’t happen immediately. First, the body must realize the muscles are damaged. When the body realizes the muscles are hurt, the response is to increase blood flow to the area and increase body heat, damaged cells are then cleaned up and the body sends cells specially designed to break down the large muscle fiber fragments. Healing can take place after this. It takes about a day until these cells make it to your aching muscles. That’s why there is most often a delay associated with muscle soreness. Repair of damaged cells takes about two days, and afterwards the soreness disappears. Unfortunately, there is little that can be down to relieve muscle soreness. Pain relieving creams don’t work, but a hot shower, or warm bath can provide some relief.

　　Questions 22-25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　22. What does the German professor say about muscle soreness?

　　23. What happens when muscles are damaged according to the passage?

　　24. How long does it take for damaged cells to heal?

　　25. What does the speaker suggest one do to relieve muscle soreness?

　　22. C, it happens when people engage in an uncommon activity

　　23. D, blood flow and body heat increase in the affected area

　　24. A, about two days

　　25. B, have a hot shower

　2019年12月英語四級閱讀真題：試卷一選詞填空

　　Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

　　Section A

　　Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

　　Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.

　　Finally, some good news about airplane travel. If you are on a plane with a sick passenger, you are unlikely to get sick. That is the 26 of a new study that looked at how respiratory (呼吸道) viruses 27 on airplanes. Researchers found that only people who were seated in individual - had a high risk of catching the illness. All other passengers had only a very 28 chance of getting sick according to the findings. Media reports have not necessarily presented. 29 information about the risk of getting infected on an airplane in the past. Therefore , these new findings should help airplane passengers to feel less 30 to catching respiratory infections while traveling by air.

　　Prior to the new study. litter was known about the risks of getting 31 infected by common respiratory viruses, such as the flu or common cold, on an airplane, the researchers said. So, to 32 the risks of infection, the study team flew on 10 different 33 in the US. 34 side of a person infected with fl, as well as those sitting one roe in font of or behind this individual, had about an 80 person chance of getting sick. But other passengers were 35 safe from infection. They had a less than 3 percent chance of catching the flu.

　　A) accurate B) conclusionC) directly D) either

　　E) evaluate F) explorations G) flightsH) largely

　　I) nearby J) respondK) slimL) spread

　　M) summitN) vividlyO) vulnerable

　2019年12月英語四級閱讀真題：試卷一長篇閱讀

　　Section B

　　Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

　　A South Korean city designed for the future takes on a life of its own

　　【點擊查看參考答案】

　　A) Getting around a city is one thing — and then there’s the matter of getting from one city to another. One vision of the perfect city of the future: a place that offers easy access to air travel.

　　In 2011, a University of North Carolina business professor named John Kasarda published a book called Aerotropolis: The Way We’ll Live Next. Kasarda says future cities should be built intentionally around or near airports. The idea, as he has put it, is to offer businesses “rapid, long-distance connectivity on a massive scale.”

　　B) “The 18th century really was a waterborne (水運的) century, the 19th century a rail century. the 20th century a highway, car, truck century一and the 21st century will increasingly be an aviation century, as the globe becomes increasingly connected by air,” Kasarda says. Songdo, a city built from scratch in South Korea, is one of Kasarda’s prime examples. It has existed for just a few years.“ From the get-go, it was designed on the basis of connectivity and competitiveness,”says Kasada. “The government built the bridge directly from the airport to the Songdo International Business District. And the surface infrastructure was built in tandem with the new airport.”

　　C) Songdo is a stone’s throw from South Korea’s Incheon Airport, its main international hub (樞紐). But it takes a lot more than a nearby airport to be a city of the future. Just building a place as an “international business district” doesn’t mean it will become one. Park Yeon Soo conceived (構想) this city of the future back in 1986. He considers Songdo his baby. “I am a visionary,” he says. Thirty years after he imagined the city, Park’s baby is close to 70 percent built, with 36.000 people living in the business district and 90,000 residents in greater Songdo. It’s about an hour outside Seoul, built on reclaimed tidal flats along the Yellow Sea, There’s a Coast Guard building and a tall trade tower, as well as a park, golf course and university.

　　D) Chances are you’ve actually seen this place. Songdo appears in the most famous music video ever to come ou of South Korea. “Gangnam Style” refers to the fashionable Gangnam district in Seoul. But some of the video was filmed in Songdo.“I don’t know if you remember, there was a scene in a subway station. That was not Gangnam. That was actually Songdo,” says Jung Won Son, a professor of urban development at London’s Bartlett School of Planning, “Part of the reason to shoot there is that it’s new and nice.”

　　E) The city was supposed to be a hub for global companies, with employees from all over the world. But hat’s not how it has turned out. Songdo’s reputation is as a futuristic ghost town. But the reality is more complicated. A bridge with big, light-blue loops leads into the business district. In the center of the main road, there’s a long line of flags of the world. On the corner, there’s a Starbucks and a 7-Eleven--all of the international brands that you see all over the world nowadays.

　　F) The city is not empty. There are mothers pushing strollers, old women with walkers -- even in the middle of the day. when it’s 90 degrees out. Byun Young-Jin chairs the Songdo real estate association and started selling property here when the first phase of the city opened in 2005. He says demand has boomed in the past couple of years. Most of his clients are Korean. In fact, the developer says, 99 percent of the homes here are sold to Koreans. Young families move here because the schools are great. And that’s the problem: Songdo has become a popular Korean city 一more popular as a residential area than a business one. It’s not yet the futuristic international business hub that planners imagined. “It’s a great place to live. And it’s becoming a great place to work,” says Scott Summers, the vice president of Gale International, the developer of the city. The floor-to-ceiling windows of his company’s offices overlook Songdo Central Park, with a canal full of kayaks and paddle boats. Shimmering (閃爍的)glass towers line the canal’s edge.

　　G) “What’s happened is, because we focused on creating that quality of life first, which enabled the residents to live here, what has probably missed the mark is for companies to locate here,” he says. “There needs to be strong economic incentives.” The city is still unfinished, and it feels a bit like a theme park. It doesn’t feel all that futuristic. There’s a high-tech underground trash disposal system. Buildings are environmentally friendly. Everybody’s television set is connected to a system that streams personalized language or exercise classes.

　　H) But Star Trek this is not. And to some of the residents, Songdo feels hollow. “I’m, like, in prison for weekdays. That’s what we call it in the workplace,” says a woman in her 20s. She doesn’t want to use her name for fear of being fired from her job. She goes back to Seoul every weekend. “I say I’m prison-breaking on Friday nights.” But she has to make the prison break in her own car. There’s no high-speed train connecting Songdo to Seoul, just over 20 miles away.

　　I) The man who first imagined Songdo feels frustrated. too. Park says he built South Korea a luxury vehicle, “like Mercedes or BMW. It’s a good car now. But we’re waiting for a good driver to accelerate.”

　　But there are lots of other good cars out there, too. The world is dotted with futuristic, high-tech cities trying to attract the biggest international companies

　　J) Songdo’s backers contend that it’s still early, and business space is filling up—about 70 percent of finished offices are now occupied. Brent Ryan, who teaches urban design at MIT, says Songdo proves a universal principle. “There have been a lot of utopian (烏托邦的) cities in history. And the reason we don’t know about a lot of them is that a lot of them have vanished entirely.” In other words, when it comes to cities—or anything else—it is hard to predict the future.

　　36. Songdo’s popularity lies more in its quality of life than its business attraction.

　　37. The man who conceives Songdo feels disappointed because it has fallen short of his expectations.

　　38. A scene in a popular South Korean music video was shot in Songdo.

　　39. Songdo still lacks the financial stimulus for businesses to set up shop there.

　　40. Airplanes will increasingly become the chief means of transportation, according to a professor.

　　41. Songdo has ended up different from the city it was supposed to be.

　　42. Some of the people who work in Songdo complain about boredom in the workplace.

　　43. A business professor says that a future city should have easy access to international transportation.

　　44. Acording to an urban design professor, it is difficult for city designers to foresee what happen in the future.

　　45. Park Yeon So. Who envisioned Songdo, feels a parental connection with the city.

　2019年12月英語四級翻譯真題點評試卷一：家庭教育

【翻譯原文】

　　中國家庭十分重視孩子的教育。許多父母認為應該努力工作，確保孩子受到良好的教育。他們不僅非常情愿為孩子的教育投資，而且花很多時間督促他們學習。多數家長希望孩子能上名牌大學。由于改革開放，越來越多的家長能送孩子到國外學習或參加國際交流項目，讓其拓寬視野。通過這些努力，他們期望孩子健康成長，為國家的發(fā)展和繁榮做出貢獻。

【翻譯譯文】

　　Chinese families place a great premium on their children’s education. The majority of parents hold that they should work hard to ensure that their children can get a good education. Not only are they willing to invest in children’s education, but also they spend plenty of time urging them to learn. Meanwhile, most of them want their children to go to prestigious universities. Due to the reform and opening up, an increasingly number of parents can send their children to study abroad or participate the international exchange programs to broaden their horizons. Through these efforts, they anticipate that their children can grow up healthily and make contributions to the development and prosperity of our nation.

【翻譯解析】

　　詞/詞組翻譯：

　　1. 十分重視 place great premium on; pay more attention to;attach great importance to

　　2. 努力工作 work hard; endeavor to work

　　3. 名牌大學 a prestigious university; a famous university

　　4. 改革開放 reform and opening up

　　5. 國際交流項目 international exchange programs

　　6. 拓寬視野 broaden one’s horizon

　　7. 國家的發(fā)展和繁榮 the development and prosperity of the nation

句子的翻譯：

　　首先，從時態(tài)角度來講，本文翻譯主要采用一般現(xiàn)在時。其次，從句子角度來講，大家需要注意句間的銜接。再者英文重簡潔，所以大家翻譯時要注意代詞的指代，以避免重復。

　　1. 許多父母認為應該努力工作，確保孩子受到良好的教育。

　　◆ 該句后者為前者的目的，所以大家翻譯時需要體現(xiàn)出這一目的。

　　2. 他們不僅非常情愿為孩子的教育投資，而且花很多時間督促他們學習。

　　◆ 該句中的“不僅......而且......”大家可以采用固定用法“not only......but also......”。Not only放在句首時，需要采用倒裝形式。

　　3. 由于改革開放，越來越多的家長能送孩子到國外學習或參加國際交流項目，讓其拓寬視野。通過這些努力，他們期望孩子健康成長，為國家的發(fā)展和繁榮做出貢獻。

　　◆ 本句話中，要體現(xiàn)“由于改革開放”和之后家長們行為之間的因果關系，所以要用

　　相關因果詞進行凸顯，比如 thanks to; due to; because of 等。再者就是“通過這些努力”是對上文的總結，大家需要體現(xiàn)出來。

2019年12月英語四級翻譯真題點評試卷二：家庭觀念

【翻譯原文】

　　中國的家庭觀念與其文化傳統(tǒng)有關。和睦的大家庭曾非常令人美慕。過去四代同堂并不少見。由于這個傳統(tǒng)，許多年輕人婚后繼續(xù)與父母同住。今天，這個傳統(tǒng)正在改變。隨著住房條件的改善，越來越多年輕夫婦選擇與父母分開住。但他們之間的聯(lián)系依然很密切。許多老年人仍然幫著照看孫輩。年輕夫婦也抽時間探望父母，特別是在春節(jié)和中秋節(jié)等重要節(jié)日。

【譯文賞析】

　　The concept of family in China is related to its cultural traditions. The large and harmonious families were once very enviable. The four generation family used to be very common, in the past.As a result of this tradition, many young people continue to live with their parents after marriage.Today, the tradition is changing.With the improvement of housing conditions, An increasing number of young couples choose to live apart from their parents. But the connection between them remains strong. And many old people still have to look after their grandchildren. Young couples also get around to visit their parents，especially during the holidays, such as the spring festival and Mid-autumn Festival.

【逐句解析】

譯句1　中國的家庭觀念與其文化傳統(tǒng)有關。

　　解析：該句中有明顯的固定搭配，與...相關可用related to。

　　譯文1 The concept of family in China is related to its cultural traditions.

譯句2　和睦的大家庭曾非常令人美慕。

　　解析：該句基本可以采取順譯的方法，和睦的大家庭(The large and harmonious families)，令人美慕(enviable)。翻譯時可順譯該句子。

　　譯文2　The large and harmonious families were once very enviable.

譯句3　過去四代同堂并不少見。由于這個傳統(tǒng)，許多年輕人婚后繼續(xù)與父母同住。

　　解析：該句中應用到正反譯法，并不少見，那就是說很常見，可直接翻譯為very common.

　　譯文3　The four generation family used to be very common, in the past.As a result of this tradition, many young people continue to live with their parents after marriage.

譯句4　今天，這個傳統(tǒng)正在改變。隨著住房條件的改善，越來越多年輕夫婦選擇與父母分開住。

　　解析：該句考查了with引導的伴隨狀語從句。

　　譯文4　Today, the tradition is changing.With the improvement of housing conditions, An increasing number of young couples choose to live apart from their parents.

譯句5　但他們之間的聯(lián)系依然很密切。

　　解析：但他們之間的聯(lián)系可以處理成后置定語,即But the connection between them.

　　譯文5　But the connection between them remains strong.

譯句6　許多老年人仍然幫著照看孫輩。

　　解析：本句較為簡單，可采取順譯。

　　譯文6　And many old people still have to look after their grandchildren.

譯句7　年輕夫婦也抽時間探望父母，特別是在春節(jié)和中秋節(jié)等重要節(jié)日。

　　解析：抽時間探望父母,可以運用到習慣性表達：get around to visit their parents.

　　譯文7 　Young couples also get around to visit their parents,especially during the holidays, such as the Spring Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival.

2019年12月英語四級翻譯真題點評試卷三：漢族名字

　　【翻譯題目】

　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

　　【翻譯原文】

　　中國漢族人的全名由姓和名組成。中文姓名的特點是，姓總是在前，名跟在其后。千百年來，父姓一直世代相傳。然而，如今，孩子跟母親姓并不罕見。一般來說，名有一個或兩個漢字，通常承載父母對孩子的愿望。從孩子的名字可以推斷出父母希望孩子成為代么樣的人，或者期望他們過什么樣的生活。父母非常重視給孩子取名，因為名字往往會伴隨孩子一生。

　　【參考譯文】

　　The full name of China's Han ethnic group is made up of family name and given name. One characteristic of the Chinese name is that the family name always comes first, followed by given name. For thousands of years, the father's family name has been passed on from generation to generation. However, it is not uncommon now for a child to have the mother’s family name. Generally speaking, a given name contains one or two Chinese characters, which carries the parents' hope for the kid. Therefore, it's easy to infer from the name what kind of person the parents expect their child to be, or what kind of life to lead.Parents attach great importance to naming their kid as names usually go with them for a whole life.

　　【翻譯分析】

　　1) 全名由....組成：the full name is composed of/ made up of/ consisted of/ formed of

　　2) ...的特點是：the characteristic of the Chinese name is that...

　　3) 世代相傳：from generation to generation

　　4) ...不罕見：it is not uncommon now for a child to...

　　5) 非常重視...：attach great importance to doing sth

2019年12月英語四級作文真題試卷二：學漢語的地方

Part Ⅰ　Writing 　(30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to learn Chinese. Please recommend a place to him. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

2019年12月英語四級作文真題試卷三：學漢語的城市

　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to learn Chinese. Please recommend a city to him. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.